Available online 3 September 2023, 101293

Inhibitory control training led to a leftward lateralization of the putamen in children from 9 to 10 years old.

Brain lateralization of IC network differs according to the type of modality (anatomy / function)

IC training changes brain lateralization and IC efficiency.

Inhibitory control (IC) plays a critical role in cognitive and socio-emotional development. IC relies on a lateralized cortico-subcortical brain network including the inferior frontal cortex, anterior parts of insula, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus and putamen. Brain asymmetries play a critical role for IC efficiency. In parallel to age-related changes, IC can be improved following training. The aim of this study was to (1) assess the lateralization of IC network in children (N = 60, 9-10 y.o.) and (2) examine possible changes in neural asymmetry of this network from anatomical (structural MRI) and functional (resting-state fMRI) levels after 5-week computerized IC vs. active control (AC) training. We observed that IC training, but not AC training, led to a leftward lateralization of the putamen anatomy, similarly to what is observed in adults, supporting that training could accelerate the maturation of this structure.

Inhibition

training

brain maturation

brain lateralization

anatomical MRI

functional MRI

© 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.