Cancer is a highly intricate disease that progresses through various stages, including resistance to apoptosis, uncontrolled cell proliferation, changes in cellular signaling, invasion of tissues, angiogenesis, and metastasis.Initially, cancer manifests as a localized tumor but can later spread to distant areas of the body, posing challenges for its management. The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are increasing globally. According to the 2018 data from the Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence, it was anticipated that there would be over 18.1 million new cases of cancer and approximately 9.6 million cancer-related deaths. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is projected to cause over 19.3 million new cases and approximately 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Furthermore, it is projected that the annual number of cancer-related deaths will reach 30 million after the year 2030 [[1], [2], [3]]. Nanotechnology is a scientific discipline focused on studying the properties of molecules at the molecular, atomic and supramolecular levels (ranging from 1 to 100 nm) for the purpose of improving human well-being. It employs nanoscale principles and techniques to investigate biological systems and is becoming increasingly integrated with modern biology and medicine to develop new nanoscale materials suitable for use in biological systems [[4], [5]]. Nanoparticles possess unique properties and can adsorb compounds such as proteins, drugs, probes and, making them valuable in medical applications. The composition of nanoparticles varies, with possible starting materials including biological lipids, chitosan, silica, phospholipids, dextran, lactic acid, carbon, metals, and various polymers. Staying up-to-date with the literature, synthesizing new examination, and developing fresh perspectives are essential for picking the best alternatives for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This study aims to summarize recent advancements in nanotechnology-based approaches for cancer diagnosis, therapeutics, and theragnostics. Additionally, it discusses present issues and future prospects that can inform future studies in this field [3]. It is well known that less than 2% of the human genome is transcribed as coding RNA and 98% as non-coding RNA [3]. This suggests that the human genome has several nc-RNA genes. Size divides nc-RNAs into miRNAs, siRNAs, and lncRNAs. Specifically, lncRNAs are RNA molecules beyond 200 nucleotides. These RNA polymerase II-transcribed molecules have a conserved secondary structure. They lack effective open reading frames, hence they don't encode much protein. Gene editing regions, non-coding regions, exons, introns, plus strands, and antisense chains can generate lncRNAs. Comprehensive study on lncRNAs has shown their importance in many biological regulation systems [6], [7].Here, we examine the effect of LncRNAs in cancer, as well as the effect of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancers.Fig. 1